DISEASES OF LUNGS
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Smoking can destroy your lungs
See how smoking can destroy your lungs.
smokers lungs picture
This is a picture of the lining of a smokers’ lung.enlarged
Heart and Diseased Lungs
This is a picture of smokers lungs, and a smokers enlarged heart.
Diseases by Alcohol
When the alcohol is drunk, it goes in the stomach and intestines, and enters the bloodstream being carried all over the body. The alcohol mainly affects those tissues riched in blood vessels.The alcohol is a toxic substance for the body's cells. It works as a poison for the cells having a hygroscopic effect (big concentrations of alcohol uses the water from the cells). The alcohol causes the protoplasm's albumins (a simple water-soluble protein found in many animal tissues and liquids) to segragate and the protoplasm to coagulate destroying the cell. No wonder that a long and abusive alcohol consumption damages the body's cells.
On the other hand, the alcohol is a stress factor for the entire body causing an increased blood pressure. High amounts of substances like sugar, lipids and cortisone are released into the bloodstream.
DISEASES OF RESPERATORY SYSTEM
Aimed principally at those on the new medical curriculum, this textbook on the respiratory system covers the structure and function of the system and its major diseases. It offers integrated coverage of the structure, function and major diseases of the respiratory system. The cove rage of the basic science is clinically driven - a common clinical presentation introduces each major topic. Coverage of major diseases of the respiratory system equips students for the contact with patients which occurs early in the new medical course.
DISEASES OF TOUNGE
Tongue is a muscular organ associated with the function of deglutition, taste and speech. Some characteristic changes occur in the tongue in some particular diseases. Tongue Diagnosis is a part of the Chinese Medicine Diagnosis. All doctors examine the tongue and they consider the changes in size, shape, color, moisture, and coating etc.- When there is increase of urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood due to kidney failure. Here the tongue becomes brown in color.
- When there is decrease in hemoglobin percentage of the blood. In severe anemia tongue becomes pale.
In typhoid fever tongue becomes white coared like a fur. - Deficiency of this vitamin B2 produces megenta color of the tongue with soreness and fissures of lips.
- Deficiency of niacin vitamin B3 and some other B complex vitamins results in bright scarlet or beefy red tongue.
- Vitamin A deficiency causes furrowed tongue.
- In Geographic tongue irregular red and white patches appear on the tongue.
- In nutrional deficiency there is glossitis leading to papillary hypertrophy followed by atrophy.
- Thiamine and riboflavin deficiency causes hypertrophied filiform and fungiform papillae.
DISEASES OF HEART
Complications in Depression
Depression is often chronic, with episodes of recurrence and improvement. Approximately one-third of patients with a single episode of major depression will have another episode within 1 year after discontinuing treatment, and more than 50% will have a recurrence at some point in their lives. Depression is more likely to recur if the first episode was severe or prolonged, or if there have been recurrences. To date, even newer antidepressants have failed to achieve permanent remission in most patients with major depression, although the standard medications are very effective in treating and preventing acute episodes.
Risk for Suicide
About 90% of suicides are due to treatable disorders, most commonly depression or substance abuse. People with depression have up to a 15% risk for suicide, with the highest risk in patients who are hospitalized for depression. Some studies indicate that atypical depression poses a higher risk for suicide than typical depression and that dysthymia may pose a higher risk than episodic major depressive disorder. Depressed men are more likely to commit suicide than depressed women, and in the U.S. and around the world, suicide is most common in men older than 60. Suicidal preoccupation or threats of suicide should always be treated seriously in anyone, however.
DISEASES OF EYES
Eye disease can range from mild an annoying to severe and loss of vision. It is not uncommon for eye diseases to go undiagnosed until the vision is affected, as many people do not regularly schedule visits with an ophthalmologist unless they are having vision difficulties. Symptoms related to eye disease include red, irritated, or blood shot eyes, blinking excessively, blurry vision, burning sensations, bumps on the eye or eyelid, cloudiness, crossed eyes, lazy eye, discharge, distorted vision, dry eyes, loss of eyelashes, grittiness, halo vision, lack of night vision, limited ability to move the eyes, or anything out of the ordinary. Infants typically show few or no signs of eye disease unless there is an obvious discoloration, bruising, or swelling of the eyes due to their inability to focus.
Injury and trauma are most often seen in athletes and pilots, especially those who fly fighter jets. Pressure can create risk factors for eye disease. Age, sun exposure, and poor eye maintenance can contribute to eye health issues. Other diseases can contribute to poor eye health, such as diabetes.
DISEASES IN AFRICA
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Fully resistant and multiple-drug resistant pneumococci were discovered in South Africa in 1978. The pattern of emergence of pneumococcal resistance in South Africa has been somewhat different from that observed in Western Europe (and more recently in the United States). In those countries, the emergence of resistance was explosive and associated with a limited number of clones, particularly of serotype 23F and 6B, which are associated with multidrug resistance and high-level penicillin resistance. The highly resistant strains initially isolated in South Africa belonged largely to serotype 19A and for some as yet unexplained reason, remain rare. Antimicrobial resistance to penicillin in the pneumococcus in South Africa has reached very high levels (approximately 45% in young children), but most of this resistance is caused by a large number of intermediately penicillin-resistant strains rather than a limited number of clones found internationally. Antibiotic resistance differs in the public versus private health-care sectors of South Africa. The most important difference may be the relative scarcity of macrolide resistance among strains of pneumococci in public hospitals, where these drugs are less often used.